For this reason, proteins are also called polypeptides. Proteins are water-soluble polymers that consist of individual units called amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Proteins are yet another example of a macromolecule that is commonly ingested via food. However, certain cells such as intestinal and kidney cells are capable of using active transport, which means that they move the glucose against its electrochemical gradient and they use ATP molecules. The majority of the cells of our body transport glucose across the cell membrane via passive transport, which means down its electrochemical gradient and without using any energy. The most common type of sugar monomer in the human body is glucose and most of the non-glucose sugars in our body are transformed into glucose in our liver and intestinal cells. The body does this by using special proteolytic enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of carbohydrates. In order to actual absorb these sugars into our cells, our body must digest (break down) these polysaccharides into their individual mononeric sugars. Our body only contains enzymes to break alpha-glycosidic linkages. Carbohydrates, also known as polysaccharides or sugars, are water-soluble polymers that consist of individual monomer units held together by glycosidic bonds. These macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Types of Macromolecules: When we ingest food, we ingest several types of organic macromolecules that we use for nutrition and energy.
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#ARE CARBS DIGESTED IN THE STOMACH SERIES#
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